siemens



(No Model.)

' 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. E. W. SIEMENS.

ELECTRIC RAILWAY.

No. 340,462. Patented Apr. 20, 1886.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

E. W. SIEMENS. ELECTRIC RAILWAY.

No. 340,462. Patented Apr 20, 1886.

Jaw $57.

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E. W. SIEMENS.

ELEGTRIG RAILWAY. I No. 340,462. Patented Apr. 20, 1886.

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E. W. SIEMENS.

ELEOTRIG RAILWAY.

No. 340,462. Pateggs ed Apr. 20., 1886.

N. PETERS Plwlu-Lllhograplmr. Washington, D. C,

Emma STATES PATENT @rricn.

ERNST WERNER SIEMENS, OF BERLIN, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

ELECTRIC RAILWAY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.- 340,462, dated April 20, 1886,

Application filed October 10,1885. Serial No. 179,551.

(No model.) Patented in Germany January 19. 1880, No. 14,786; in Belgium January 523, 1880, No. 50,357; in France January 27, 1880 in Austria-Hungary January 30, 1880, No. 4,247 and No. 1,133

in England February 10, 1880, No. 583, and in Italy September 23, 1881, No. 13,392.

To all whom it may. concern.-

Be it known that I, ERNsT WERNER SIE- MENS, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Berlin, in the German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Railways; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Myinvention relates to improved means and apparatus for conveying persons and objects in vehicles along a line of rails by electro-motive power.

According to my present invention I arrange,in combination with a line of rails, one or more stationary dynamo-electric machines whose armatures are driven by any suitable motor, the conductors to and from which stationary machine for conveying the electric current produced along the line are formed partly or wholly by the rails themselves, while the currents are caused to pass continuously from such conductors to one or more dynamoelectric machines upon carriages or vehicles running on the line of rails, so that the armatu res oi'suoh dynamo-electric machine in being made to revolve by the action of the current imparts motion to the wheels of the vehicle, so as to propel it along the line. The continuous electrical connection between the conduct ors and the dynamoelectric machine on the vehicle is maintained as this travels along, either wholly by the wheels thereof or partly by the wheels and partly by rollers, springs,

or brushes.

A variety of arrangements maybe employed for carrying my invention into effect, and I will proceed to describe one of those which I employ, for which I will refer tothe accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a sectional side view, and Fig. 2 a transverse section,of a line ofrails,A A, raised on standards B B, which rails, together with their longitudinal bearers C 0, each form an insulated conductor to and from the stationary dynamoclectric machine D, as indicated by the diagram plan; Fig. 3, the one rail and bearer-sayA Oserving to conway the current from the machine D along the they are electrically connected in any suitable manner with the iron standards B, thatare carried on a suitable foundation in the ground. The carriage G has its wheels H H on oneside insulated from those H H on the other side, and

from the carriage, for which purpose I, by preference, mount each wheel on a separate axle, as shown in Fig. 2, the bearings of which are insulated in any suitable manner. The axles of the wheels H H are electrically connected with the one pole of the dynamo-electric machine I aiiix under the floor of the carriage, while the axles of the wheels H are electrically connected with the other pole of the machine. The axis of the revolving armature of the machine has a pulley, K, at each end, over which and over pulleys L, fixed or formed on the sides of the wheels H H, pass belts or cords M, by means of which the rotary motion of the armature is imparted to the wheels, so as to propel the carriage.

The dynamo machines employed for the purpose of my invention may be of any suitable known construction. g

In constructing electric railways according to my invention, particularly when passing through towns, I prefer to arrange the line in a raised position upon standards at such a height as not to interfere with the traffic. In this case, in order to prevent accident by the carriages falling off the line, should an axle break, or from any other cause, I provide on the under side of the carriage strong claws N, as indicated at Fig. 4, which pass under the flanges of the longitudinal girders O 0.

Vehicles provided with dynamoelectric machines operating according to my above-described invention may either serve only as 10 too comotive-engines for hauling along other carriages, or they may themselves constitute passenger-carriages.

Figs. 5 and ,6 show a "ertical section and plan of an arrangement of the electric railway for conveying letters or small parcels for postal or other purposes. In this arrangement the rails A A are insulated from each other by the wood or glass transverse bearers E, by preference raised somewhat from the groundline by standards B, as in the first-described arrangement. The line is entirely inelosed by an iron or steel easing It, with removable top It, secured by screws,which easing forms a tubular bearer for the railway, and which is electrically connected, in any suitable man: nor, to the one rail, A, so as to form with this the one conductor, and thus afl'ord large eondncting-surface for the current, the other rail, A, being either connected to the other pole of the stationary dynamo-electric machineor through the standards B with earth. The carriage in this case consists of a framing, S, the wheels TT of which are carried by axles V, made in two parts securely fixed together, but insulated from each other and from the framing, so that the wheels on the one side of the carriage are insulated from those on the other side, as in the first-described arrangement. The framing S carries, first, the box or receptacle V, containing the letters or parcels to be conveyed, and, secondly, the dynamoelectric machine W, whose revolving armature is in this case fixed directly upon the one compound axle, U, so that every revolution of the armature produces onerevolution ot'the wheels, of which those on one side are in electrical connection with the one pole of the dynamo-electric machine, while those 011 the other side are conneeted with the other pole. The standardsB are by preference arranged at such a general height as to-insure a practically-level line of rails,irrespectiveofirregularitiesoftheground along which it passes. At crossingsa gradual rise of the railway may be formed to the required height for attbrding headway beneath, with a corresponding fall on the other side.

The subject-matter described in this specification is identical with that described in another application filed by me on the 1st day of May, 1880, I desire therefore to say that I do not herein claim anything described in the said application, except the features specified in the following claims:

1. In an electric railway, the combination of rails A A and longitudinal bearers O G, acting as conductors and insulated from each other by insulating transverse bearers E on standards B, substantially as herein described.

2. In electric railway-vehicles, the combination of the wheels H H on separate axles running in insulated bearings, with the dynamo-electric machine I, with the poles of which the wheels H H are respectively connected, and whose armatures impart motion,

electrical connection between the electro-dynamic motors and the stationary dynamoelectric machine being maintained ggi t ipppgsly by the wheels of the vehicle.

4. In an electric railway, the combination of one or more stationary dynamo-electric generators driven by suitable power, a conducting -circuit formed whollv of rails insulated from the ground ant. rom each other and raised upon standards, so as not to obstruct travel or traffic, a wheeled vehicle adapted to move on said rails and having one or more eleetro-dynamic motors propelling the same, one pole of said motor being in electrical connection with the stationary generator through one line of elevated rails and the other electrically connected with the other line of elevated rails, for completing the circuit through the stationary generator.

5. The combination of the insulated rails A A, insulated longitudinal conducting-bearers O O, transverse insulating-bearers E,of wood, glass, orsnitable insulating material, and iron standards B, as and for the purpose described.

6. The carriage G, having wheels H on one side, insulated from wheels H on the other, the insulated rails AA, the insulated bearers .O C, the insulating-bearersE, and the standards B, all combined as and for the purposes described.

7. In an electric railway, the combination of iron or steel conducting'standards, transverse insulating-bearers, longitudinal conductlug-bearers supporting the rails and forming therewith insulated conductors, and electrical connections between the longitudinal conducting bearers and the conducting -standards, whereby the current from a rail and its conducting-bearer may be put to earth, as and for the purpose described.

8. The combination of iron or steel conducting-standards, transverse insulating-bearers, longitudinal conducting bearers supporting the rails and forming therewith insulated con, ductors, a carriage having its wheels on one side insulated from those on the other, and an electro-dynamic motor mounted upon the carriage, having one of its poles connected with the wheels on one side and one of its poles connected with the wheels on the other side, as and for the purpose described.

9. In an electric vehicle, the combination of wheelsn'nnning in insulated bearings and an electro-dynamic motor depending from the floor of the vehicle, the poles of which are electrically connected with the axles of the vehicle, as and for the purpose described.

10. The combination of a car or vehicle, a circuit of conductors from a stationary dynamo-electric machine, an electro-dynamic motor included in the circuit of conductors, the axis of which has pulleys at each of its ends, wheelshaving pulleys fixed or formed on their sides, and mechanical connections between the pulleys on each end of the axis of the motor and the pulleys upon the'wheels, as and for the purpose described.

11. The combination of longitudinal girders O C and the claws N on the under side of the carriage, as and for the purpose described.

12. In an electric railway, the combination of rails insulated from each other and a conducting bearer or bearers insulated from the ground and electrically connected with one or both of the rails, whereby a large conductingsurface is effected for the current, as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I' have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 9th day of September, A. D. 1884.

ERNST WERNER SIEMENS.

Witnesses:

M. S. BREWER, J OHN R. RosLYN. 

